Proactive Vigilance: How Citizens can hold their government accountable
Oludotun Babayemi
18 July 2016
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“Abeg, you cannot come and fix a programme that will start at 8 am on a Saturday morning, I will not be able to attend, please postpone it for another day or cancel it” responded Ijiwere to her colleagues, who wanted to visit another friend; “Let me tell you, If you want me to come for that ‘owambe’ party on Saturday, then you should let it start at 10 am” affirmed Giringori, to his friends who were planning an event for Saturday.
“Imagine, those my friend wanted to suggest 8 am as a time for that party, I totally disagreed, and told them Jigida will be aired on radio at that time, and that is the only way I can report the lack of water in Kagara” said Giringori to his elder brother – Ijiwere.
These are the kind of conversations that go on in Kagara community, with everyone looking forward to Jigida, a weekly, one – hour radio programme that allows for citizens to call – in and express their community needs, which afterwards are been documented and sent to the various local government chairmen, and State House of Representative for response and decisions to be made. That’s not all, the first 30 mins of the programme is dedicated to the Councillor of the community sharing with the community, how much and what they will be spending on in the week. This is what proactive vigilance is all about!
Although proactive vigilance or public participation in budgeting or government spending is relatively new, the evidence attesting to its impact on resource allocation and service delivery is growing. Many of the existing findings are based on the well-known Brazilian experience with participatory budgeting, established first in Porte Alegre in 1989, and now replicated in over 40 countries around the world. Nigeria, is not left out as well, as its government hopes to encourage citizen participation, with its recent commitment to joining the Open Government Partnership, a multilateral initiative that aims to secure concrete commitments from governments to promote transparency, empower citizens, fight corruption, and harness new technologies to strengthen governance.
You might be wondering, how many – landlord associations,vigilante groups, market women associations, community development associations, we have in rural communities. A lot of them! When are we going to start having “project vigilante” in rural communities, that will become voices of several communities, because by the time you wake up tomorrow morning, the news will be agog with “one billion dollars to be released to provide water in Kagara” only to go to Kagara after one year, you will find out that Kagara has no water source or a broken water source. Quite pathetic, and that’s is the way we are – the leaders and followers.
Nevertheless, I am excited that the Story Story writers at BBC Media Action are focusing on how citizens at the local government level, can be proactively vigilant on such issues of government spending in their communities, and I recently had some hours of session brainstorming with the crew, on how citizens can become vigilant themselves, I hope all will be reflected in their popular radio drama coming up sometimes in fall. Thanks to Nkem, our Reseach Lead on government finance, who took some notes on the highlights, and I have added them below:
Citizens can at every stage of this budget cycle engage their various government, but limited participation is expected during during formulation
- There is the local government or state government budget, a document that highlights government spending and revenue which can be for a financial year, or a multiyear.
- The Budget has its on cycle starting from formulation (when Ministry, Department, Agencies, put together their budget), to enactment (when the national or state legislative arm assent to the budget), to implementation (the stage at which contractors start executing projects in your communities), and lastly, the assessment stage (where everyone assesses the implementation of the budget, to provide feedback on how the next stage should look like)
- At every stage of the budget, citizens can make noise about their plight, and join in the conversation. They can form themselves as vigilante group or association, and always knock on the door of their local government officer or Councillor.
- They can forward a freedom of information request letter to the local government chairman to request for their budget immediately it passes the enactment stage, and even ask more question like who is the contractor, what is the work plan for the project, how much is the contractor getting, and when will the project be concluded. Here is an example of a freedom of information letter if you want to write one
- Government at the local government and state government level should starting providing platforms as well, for the assesement stage. E.g. using local radio programmes like Jigida, create a referendum mechanism for your local government area for people to have their say on projects proposed for next financial year. It should not be only during elections, that citizens see chairmen of local government or governors of states canvassing for votes.
- Like I always say, the budget is not only the means by which government declare their spending, in fact 50% – 60% of what’s on it might not be relevant. The other way is to always listen to the state news on your local radio, projects will be announced at all times, especially when they are project funded by other partners, such as the federal government or international donor agencies.
Ijiwere and Giringori have decided to do away with social gatherings, and focus on becoming a vigilante for community projects in Jigida, and if you are reading this, you should be towing same way, and you should share this piece. I look forward to the final drama series on this – If you have listened to Story Story, Voices from the Market program, then you should be more expectant. See you all in Kagara town, listening to Jigida on radio!
From left, Oludotun Babayemi, Nkem and the BBC Media Action Writers
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مرکز پرستاری طلوع حیات⭐پرستار کودک،پرستار سالمند،پرستار بیمار
با استفاده از خدمات یک شرکت پرستاری در منزل میتوانید پرستاری از سالمند در
منزل را به پرستار شرکت بسپارید و روی کارهای دیگر خود تمرکز کنید.
اگر خدمات پرستاری در منزل در کیفیتی مناسب ارائه شود، بیمار یا سالمند با مشکلات متعدد و اورژانسی
روبرو نشده و نیاز به خدمات پزشکی در منزل
کاهش خواهد یافت. هدف خدمات پرستاری
از سالمند در منزل، افزایش شادی و امنیت زندگی سالمندان و پشتیبانی از
خانواده آنهاست.
پرستار کودک به طور کلی یک وظیفه واضح و مشخص دارد و این وظیفه مراقبت از فرزند یا فرزندان یک خانواده است.
بدین منظور پرستار وظیفه غذا دادن به کودک (غذای پخته شده توسط خانواده کودک)، مراقبت از او در
برابر خطرات احتمالی، بازی کردن با کودک، تعویض پوشک
و خواباندن نوزاد و… است. هنگامی که فشار خون خیلی بالا میرود برای اینکه قلب
از عهدهی افزایش بار تحمیل شدهبرآید قلب بزرگ میشود و این عمل منجر به افزایش ولتاژ در الکتروکاردیوگرام میشود
و شاخص غیر مستقیمی از اندازه قلب را فراهم میکند.
غربالگری دیابت در افرادی که قبل از
بروز علائم این بیماری در معرض خطر هستند.
صحبت کردن با نوزاد برای کمک به زبان باز کردن او بسیار مهم است.
پرستار باید در خواباندن نوزاد و
تحمل گریه او صبور باشد و در
صورت مشاهده رفتارهای غیرعادی مانند گریه
های بی دلیل، تب کردن و… همچنین
پرستار باید همواره هوشیار باشد تا نوزاد از حوادثی مانند بلعیدن اشیا
ریز، پریدن شیر در گلو و…
بسیاری از زوج هایی که در شهرستان یا دور
از خانواده زندگی می کنند، امکان سپردن فرزند به پدربزرگ یا مادربزرگش را ندارند.
همچنین مهد کودک ها تنها در ساعات محدود و مشخصی از کودکان نگهداری می کنند و در صورت بیماری کودک نیز
از نگهداری او سر باز می زنند. در نتیجه بسیاری از خانواده ها استخدام پرستار برای کودک یا نوزاد خود
را به مهد کودک ترجیح می دهند.
مرکز پرستاری اشا با اعزام پرستار کارشناس به منزل شما آماده
ارائه کلیه خدمات درمانی و مراقبتی از
قبیل تزریقات، آزمایش، سرم تراپی، پانسمان و … می باشد.
دفتر خدمات پرستاری چگونه باعث ایجاد همبستگی
و قرار دادن و جمع کردن خانواده ها در کنار هم شده
است. امروزه کمبود وقت و مشغله های
کاری باعث دوری اعضای خانواده
از هم شده است. وقتی که خانواده ها براثر نبود زمان و فقدان وقت، نمیتوانند از عزیزانشان اعم از
سالمند یا کودک مراقبت و نگهداری کنند ناخواسته و برخلاف میلشان
مجبور هستند که از مراکز نگهداری مانند خانه سالمندان برای والدین پیر خود و یا
از مهد کودک ها برای فرزندشان استفاده نمایند.
اما در این میان دفتر خدمات پرستاری تحولی مثبت را
در بین این خانواده ها ایجاد کرده است.
پس ما می توانیم برای گرفتن بسیاری از خدماتی که توسط مراکز درمانی
به صورت طولانی مدت ارائه می شود، همچنین مراقبت و آموزش سالمندان و کودکان خود و مسائل دیگر از پرستاران مجرب و
متخصص در منزل خود استفاده نماییم.
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